Anti Diphtheria Serum I.P.(ADS) ADS is a solution of purified antibodies prepared from Equine Blood.It is available in Ampoules ranging from 1 ml. to 10 ml.

DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXINDiphtheria Antitoxin is prepared by hyperimmunizing horses with diphtheria toxin, blood plasma obtained from the hyperimmunised horses which is rich in antibodies to diphtheria toxin is enzyme refined, purified and concentrated. The antitoxin has the specific power of neutralising the toxin secreted by Corynebacterium diphtherea the causative organism of diphtherea.Use in prophylaxis : The use diphtheria antitoxin is not recommended for prophylaxis as its protective effect is of short duration (1 to 2 weeks only) and furthermore, it may cause sensitization to horse sera. Instead the contacts of diphtheria patients should receive a dose (0.5ml) of adsorbed diphtheria vaccine (diphtheria vaccine adsorbed PTAP) or adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, (DT vaccine adsorbed PTAP, which protects against both diphtheria and tetanus) and followed after 1 to 2 months with a second dose. Prophylaxis with diphtheria vaccine gives protection for many years and is practically free from reaction.Use in treatment : A dose of 10,000 to 30,000 IU of diphtheria antitoxin may be injected intramuscularly in mild to moderately severe cases of diphtheria and up to a max. of 1,00,000 IU in severe cases after testing for serum sensitivity (see below for reactions to horse serum). In addition antibiotics and corticosteroids may be administered. It is advised that after recovery from diphtheria, the patients should be actively immunized for long term protection by use of two doses at an interval of 1 to 2 months with adsorbed diphtheria vaccine or with adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus vaccine.Reaction to Horse Serum : 1) Whether he/she has had injections of any serum before
2) Whether there is personal or family history of allergy i.e. asthma, eczema or drug allergy. The sensitivity of the patient to serum is tested by injecting subcutaneously 0.1ml of diphtheria antitoxin diluted 1:10 and the patient is observed for 30 min. for local and general reactions. If the test dose shows either local reaction such as wheal and flare or general anaphylactic reaction such as palor, sweating, nausea, vomiting urticaria or fall of blood pressure, these should be treated with 1ml of 1:1000 adrenaline (which should always be kept handy) before injecting the main dose of diphtheria antitoxin. Half the dose of adrenaline may be repeated 15 min. later if necessary.
In allergic individuals, the diphtheria antitoxin is to be injected 15 to 30 mins. after administration of antihistamines such as injectable Antistine (100mg) and Injectable Hydrocortisone (100mg) intramuscularly. One ml of Adrenaline (1:1000) may be injected intramuscularly at the same time as the antiserums. Administration of hydrocortisone or adrenaline may be repeated if necessary.

In some cases symptoms such as itching urticarial rash, pains in joints and muscles, fever, enlargement of lymph glands appear 7-12 days after the injection of diphtheria antitoxin. These should be treated with antihistamines and  corticosteroids. Usually these symptoms of serum sickness last a few days and the patients recover without any complications.Packing :